OZONE GENERATION PRINCIPLES

Ozone, or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell.

• Molecular weight                             : 48 g/mol
• Density @ 1013 mbar, 0°C             : 2,14 kg/m³
• Max. limit for ambient level        : 0,1 ppm (0,2 mg/m³air)
• Odor threshold                                 : 0,01 ppm
• Redox potential                                : 2,07 V

Ozone is formed by a chemical reaction of oxygen molecules and oxygen atoms. The reaction is initiated by supplying energy in order to decompose the oxygen molecule. De Nora Ozone technology is based on energy supplied by an electric field, namely a corona discharge, where the electrical field is created between the grounded electrode, the dielectric material and the high voltage electrode.

In the block diagram here below a typical ozone generation process is shown, De Nora (Capital Controls) Ozone (O3) can supply all or parts of the below process:

OZONE APPLICATIONS

• Process water:
  • Primary water pre-ozonation (iron, manganese, H2S, organic pollutants in general)
  • Final disinfection             
• Waste Water Treatment:
  • Pre-treatment – before the biological stage
    • Improving the BOD/COD ratio
    • Breakdown refractory COD
  • Tertiary treatment – polishing
    • Specific pollutants oxidation like surfactants, hydrocarbons, phenols, cyanides, COD in general, micropollutants, color and odour removal
    • Final disinfection
  • Sludge oxidation

OZONE DRINKING WATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS

• Ozone has Numerous Applications in Drinking Water Treatment
  • Disinfection with emphasis on difficult to treat pathogens
  • Taste and Odor
  • Color
  • Fe/Mn
  • Hydrogen Sulfide
  • Micro Flocculation/Turbidity Control
  • THM and other DBP Reduction
  • Emerging Contaminants and Micropollutants (pesticides, 1,4 dioxane, etc.)
  • Increase BiodegradabilitEmerging Contaminants and Micropollutants (pesticides, 1,4 dioxane, etcy of Organics (e.g. before BAF)
• In practice ozone is used when more than one of its benefits are realized, e.g. disinfection and taste and odor control.  This is the most important reason why ozone has grown its share in drinking water treatment.

Possible process applications for ozone:

1) Pre-Ozonation : iron, manganese, cyanides, arsenic, H2S, THM oxidation and bacterias removal

2) Post-Ozonation : metals oxidation and bacterias removal

3) Tertiary Treatment: final disinfection

OZONE WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS

• Disinfection
• Odor Control
• Color
• Reduction of COD and Specific pollutants reduction (surfactants, hydrocatbons, phenols,…)
• Toxicity reduction
• Water Reuse and/or Micropollutants Oxidation
• Biosolids Reduction

Possible process applications for ozone:

1. Biodegradability enhancement: convert part of the COD in BOD
2. Tertiary Treatment: specific pollutants oxidation, color and odour removal, final disinfection, COD reduction

3) Biological sludge conditioning and reduction

OZONE SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

AOP – Advanced Oxidation Process

Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) combine ozone (O3), ultraviolet (UV), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and/or catalyst to offer a powerful water treatment solution for the reduction (removal) of residual organic compounds as measured by COD, BOD or TOC. All AOP are designed to produce hydroxyl radicals (OH^–).

Nam Solutions and Technologies provide broad range of DE NORA Ozone Generator equipment and services to meet specific demands to our customers.

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